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Ab&B Bio-Tech CO.,LTD.JS has developed the world's first broad-spectrum mRNA vaccine against smallpox virus

Ab&B Bio-Tech CO.,LTD.JS has developed the world's first broad-spectrum mRNA vaccine against smallpox virus

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  • Time of issue:2023-05-08
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(Summary description)Since May 2022, the global epidemic of monkeypox virus has attracted public attention to the threat of human zoonotic disease transmission from person to person. In July 2022, the World Health Organization urgently declared the monkeypox epidemic as a public health event of international concern. The academic community and pharmaceutical companies are also actively proposing various prevention and control strategies, including rapidly advancing vaccine research and development.

Ab&B Bio-Tech CO.,LTD.JS has developed the world's first broad-spectrum mRNA vaccine against smallpox virus

(Summary description)Since May 2022, the global epidemic of monkeypox virus has attracted public attention to the threat of human zoonotic disease transmission from person to person. In July 2022, the World Health Organization urgently declared the monkeypox epidemic as a public health event of international concern. The academic community and pharmaceutical companies are also actively proposing various prevention and control strategies, including rapidly advancing vaccine research and development.

  • Categories:Company news
  • Author:
  • Origin:
  • Time of issue:2023-05-08 11:30
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Since May 2022, the global epidemic of monkeypox virus has attracted public attention to the threat of human zoonotic disease transmission from person to person. In July 2022, the World Health Organization urgently declared the monkeypox epidemic as a public health event of international concern. The academic community and pharmaceutical companies are also actively proposing various prevention and control strategies, including rapidly advancing vaccine research and development.
On April 26, 2023, Dr. Xiong Yelin (Vice President) and Dr. Liu Zhihua (Project Director) of Yither Biotech Co., Ltd,a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ab&B Bio-Tech CO.,LTD.JS announced their company's research progress on the broad-spectrum mRNA vaccine for smallpox virus on bioRxiv “A Quadrivalent mRNA immunization elicits potent immune responses against vaccinia and monkeypox viral antigens – a step closer to a broad orthopoxvirus vaccine” 2。
 
 
The R&D team of the company found through preliminary research that, in addition to monkeypox virus, other pox viruses, including cowpox and camel pox virus, are also infectious and have certain pathogenicity to humans, and there is a risk of smallpox escaping as a bioterrorism or accidentally in the laboratory.
The morphology of Vaccinia virus, smallpox virus, monkeypox virus, camel pox virus, sheep pox virus and cowpox virus are similar, and they have certain antigenic relationship3. Among them, A27, A33, B5, and L1, as well as their related homologous proteins involved in the adsorption, binding, and intercellular transmission of virus infected cells, are highly conserved in the relevant orthopoxvirus, which is also the immunological basis for the successful prevention of smallpox by live attenuated poxvirus vaccines in the last century. Antibody studies have shown that A27, A33, B5, and L1 have a large number of broad-spectrum neutralizing epitopes 8, indicating that these antigens can become candidate antigens for broad-spectrum vaccines.
Based on the above basic knowledge of pathogenic biology and vaccine science, the team chose to carry out original tandem design of Vaccinia virus surface antigens A27, A33, B5 and L1 to form a single mRNA molecule. Through the mRNA LNP delivery platform, the team developed the first international 4-valent broad-spectrum mRNA candidate vaccine (mRNA-ALAB) for orthopoxvirus.
 
 
Figure 1, mRNA-ALAB design and in vitro expression validation
 
The 4-valent mRNA transfected into HEK293T cells can specifically express four antigen molecules (Figure 1); MRNA-ALAB can induce strong antigen specific binding and neutralizing antibody responses in mice through intramuscular injection (Figure 2), as well as excellent cellular immune responses (Figure 3).
 
Figure 2. humoral immune response induced by mRNA ALAB vaccine
 
 
 
Figure 3: Cellular immune response induced by mRNA ALAB vaccine
 
At the same time, the antibodies induced by the vaccine can strongly cross bind with the homologous antigens of monkeypox virus (A29, M1, A35, and B6) (Figure 4), indicating that the mRNA-ALAB vaccine can serve as a potential candidate vaccine for the prevention of smallpox virus infections, including monkeypox virus, in the future.
 
 
Figure 4: Cross reaction between mRNA ALAB vaccine immune serum and monkeypox antigen
 
While inducing a strong immune response, the mRNA vaccine did not raise any safety concerns in animal experiments, avoiding the serious side effects often caused by traditional attenuated smallpox virus vaccines; In terms of molecular design, compared to the mixed delivery method of multiple mRNA molecules, the company has developed an original design for a single mRNA molecule to deliver multiple antigens, greatly simplifying the process, shortening the development cycle, and having a high production cost advantage; A feasible vaccine design approach has been provided to cope with large-scale outbreaks of the epidemic.
In the future, the company's R&D team will conduct more research on the broad-spectrum and functionality of the vaccine.
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Next: The launch meeting of the Phase III clinical trial of the quadrivalent influenza virus subunit vaccine (aged 6-35 months) was successfully completed
Previous: Ab&B Bio-Tech CO.,LTD.JS Tetravalent Influenza Virus Subunit Vaccine Approved for Launch
Next: The launch meeting of the Phase III clinical trial of the quadrivalent influenza virus subunit vaccine (aged 6-35 months) was successfully completed

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